SECTION 1: Guided Learning (Fill-As-You-Learn)
1. Understanding the Problem
Define hypertension in your own words:
Why is hypertension dangerous? List at least 3 complications:
2. Blood Pressure Concept
Fill in the formula:
BP = CO \times TPR
Define each component:
CO (Cardiac Output): __________
TPR (Total Peripheral Resistance): __________
3. Identifying Targets
To reduce blood pressure, drugs can:
Decrease __________
Decrease __________
Reduce __________
SECTION 2: Drug Class Breakdown
A. Diuretics
Mechanism of Action:
Clinical Uses:
Side Effects (predict logically):
Memory Hook:
B. Beta-Blockers
Mechanism of Action:
Clinical Uses:
Side Effects:
Memory Hook:
C. ACE Inhibitors
Mechanism of Action:
Clinical Uses:
Side Effects:
Memory Hook:
D. Calcium Channel Blockers
Mechanism of Action:
Clinical Uses:
Side Effects:
Memory Hook:
SECTION 3: Pattern Recognition Table
Complete the table:
Drug Class
Target
Effect
Outcome
Diuretics
__
__
__
Beta-blockers
__
__
__
ACE inhibitors
__
__
__
CCBs
__
__
__
SECTION 4: Think Like a Pharmacologist
Answer logically (no cramming!):
A drug that reduces heart rate will likely cause:
A drug that reduces blood volume may lead to:
A drug that causes vasodilation may result in:
SECTION 5: Practice Questions
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which of the following reduces blood pressure by decreasing blood volume?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Diuretics
C. ACE inhibitors
D. Calcium channel blockers
2. Beta-blockers primarily act on which receptors?
A. Alpha receptors
B. Beta-1 receptors
C. Dopamine receptors
D. Calcium channels
3. ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by:
A. Increasing heart rate
B. Increasing sodium retention
C. Reducing angiotensin II
D. Blocking calcium channels
4. Which drug class causes vasodilation by blocking calcium entry?
A. Diuretics
B. Beta-blockers
C. ACE inhibitors
D. Calcium channel blockers
5. A common side effect of beta-blockers is:
A. Tachycardia
B. Hypertension
C. Bradycardia
D. Increased respiration
B. Short Answer Questions
Explain why diuretics lower blood pressure.
How does blocking beta-1 receptors affect the heart?
Why do ACE inhibitors cause a dry cough?
C. Case-Based Questions
Case 1:
A patient presents with hypertension and a rapid heart rate.
Which drug class is most appropriate?
Explain your reasoning:
Case 2:
A patient on antihypertensive therapy develops a persistent dry cough.
Which drug class is responsible?
Why does this occur?
SECTION 6: Active Recall Challenge
Without looking at your notes, write:
The 4 major antihypertensive classes
One mechanism for each
One side effect for each
SECTION 7: Answer Key (For Self-Assessment)
MCQs
B
B
C
D
C
Key Explanations
Diuretics: Reduce blood volume → ↓ BP
Beta-blockers: Reduce heart rate → ↓ cardiac output
ACE inhibitors: Reduce angiotensin II → vasodilation
CCBs: Prevent contraction of vessels → vasodilation
